To determine whether your target has concealment from your ranged attack, choose a corner of your square. If any line from this corner to any corner of the target's square passes through a square or border that provides concealment, the target has concealment.
When making a melee attack against an adjacent target, your target has concealment if his space is entirely within an effect that grants concealment. When making a melee attack against a target that isn't adjacent to you use the rules for determining concealment from ranged attacks.
In addition, some magical effects provide concealment against all attacks, regardless of whether any intervening concealment exists.
Concealment Miss Chance: Concealment gives the subject of a successful attack a 20% chance that the attacker missed because of the concealment. If the attacker hits, the defender must make a miss chance percentile roll to avoid being struck. Multiple concealment
conditions do not stack.
Concealment and Hide Checks: You can use concealment to make a
Hide check. Without concealment, you usually need
cover to make a
Hide check.
Total Concealment: If you have line of effect to a target but not line of sight he is considered to have
total concealment from you. You can't attack an
opponent that has
total concealment, though you can attack into a square that you think he occupies. A successful attack into a square occupied by an enemy with
total concealment has a 50% miss chance (instead of the normal 20% miss chance for an
opponent with concealment).
Ignoring Concealment: Concealment isn't always effective. A shadowy area or
darkness doesn't provide any concealment against an
opponent with
darkvision. Characters with
low-light vision can see clearly for a greater distance with the same light source than other characters. Although
invisibility provides
total concealment, sighted opponents may still make
Spot checks to notice the location of an invisible character. An invisible character gains a +20 bonus on
Hide checks if moving, or a +40 bonus on
Hide checks when not moving (even though opponents can't see you, they might be able to figure out where you are from other visual clues).
Varying Degrees of Concealment: Certain situations may provide more or less than typical concealment, and modify the miss chance accordingly.
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