The planes of existence are different realities with interwoven connections. Except for rare linking points, each plane is effectively its own universe with its own natural laws.
Material Plane:
The Material Plane tends to be the most Earthlike of all planes and operates under the same set of natural laws that our own real world does. This is the default plane for most adventures.
Transitive Planes: These three planes have one important common characteristic: Each is used to get from one place to another.
The Astral Plane is a conduit to all other planes, while
the Ethereal Plane and the
Plane of Shadow both serve as means of transportation within
the Material Plane they're connected to. These planes have the strongest regular interaction with
the Material Plane and are often accessed by using various spells. They have native inhabitants as well.
Inner Planes: These six planes are manifestations of
the basic building blocks of the universe. Each is made up of a single type of energy or element that overwhelms all others. The natives of a particular
Inner Plane are made of the same energy or element as the plane itself.
Outer Planes: The deities live on the
Outer Planes, as do creatures such as celestials, demons, and devils. Each of the
Outer Planes has an
alignment, representing a particular moral or ethical outlook, and the natives of each plane tend to behave in agreement with that plane's
alignment. The
Outer Planes are also the final resting place of souls from
the Material Plane, whether that final rest takes the form of calm introspection or eternal damnation.
Demiplanes: This catch-all category covers all extradimensional spaces that function like planes but have measurable size and limited access. Other kinds of planes are theoretically infinite in size, but a
demiplane might be only a few hundred feet across.